Document

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company

Emerging growth company

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)



☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2019



☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO

Commission File Number 001-39010

Dynatrace, Inc.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its Charter)



Delaware		47-2386428
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1601 Trapelo Road, Suite 116		02451
Waltham	MA
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (617) 530-1000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:



Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share	DT	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or emerging growth company. See the definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The registrant had 280,539,648 shares of common stock outstanding as of October 31, 2019.



PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2019 and March 31, 2019	2
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the Three and Six Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity / Member’s Deficit for the Three and Six Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018	7
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	8
Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	19
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	35
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	36
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	37
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	37
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	53
Item 3.	Default Upon Senior Securities	53
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	54
Item 5.	Other Information	54
Item 6.	Exhibits	55
Signatures		56

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DYNATRACE, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands)



	September 30, 2019			March 31, 2019
	(unaudited)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	211,696		$	51,314
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts	85,602			115,431
Deferred commissions, current	35,094			27,705
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	23,166			18,768
Total current assets	355,558			213,218
Property and equipment, net	24,664			17,925
Goodwill	1,270,163			1,270,120
Other intangible assets, net	229,880			259,123
Deferred tax assets, net	10,806			10,678
Deferred commissions, non-current	26,154			31,545
Other assets	8,117			7,649
Receivable from related party	7,480			1,108
Total assets	$	1,932,822		$	1,811,366

Liabilities and shareholders' equity / member's deficit
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	10,532		$	6,559
Accrued expenses, current	78,704			64,920
Current portion of long-term debt	—			9,500
Deferred revenue, current	291,857			272,772
Payable to related party	—			597,150
Total current liabilities	381,093			950,901
Deferred revenue, non-current	77,630			92,973
Accrued expenses, non-current	18,028			98,359
Deferred tax liabilities	—			47,598
Long-term debt, net of current portion	569,789			1,011,793
Total liabilities	1,046,540			2,201,624
Commitments and contingencies (Note 9)
Shareholders' equity / member's deficit:
Common shares, $0.001 par value, 600,000,000 shares authorized, 280,509,056 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2019	281			—
Common units, no par value, 100 units authorized, issued and outstanding at March 31, 2019	—			—
Additional paid-in capital	1,547,051			(184,546		)
Accumulated deficit	(642,491		)	(176,002		)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(18,559		)	(29,710		)
Total shareholders' equity / member's deficit	886,282			(390,258		)
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity / member's deficit	$	1,932,822		$	1,811,366

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

DYNATRACE, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited – In thousands, except per share amounts)



	Three Months Ended September 30,						Six Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Revenue:
Subscription	$	115,805		$	82,389		$	223,933		$	160,313
License	2,745			9,662			6,529			20,741
Service	10,828			9,836			21,466			19,054
Total revenue	129,378			101,887			251,928			200,108
Cost of revenue:
Cost of subscription	23,456			14,256			39,633			27,388
Cost of service	11,847			7,522			20,656			14,417
Amortization of acquired technology	4,243			4,558			8,800			9,222
Total cost of revenue	39,546			26,336			69,089			51,027
Gross profit	89,832			75,551			182,839			149,081

Operating expenses:
Research and development	46,596			19,690			72,255			37,586
Sales and marketing	99,966			44,883			158,181			87,392
General and administrative	86,953			25,211			118,835			45,092
Amortization of other intangibles	10,061			11,964			20,203			24,013
Restructuring and other	779			73			894			483
Total operating expenses	244,355			101,821			370,368			194,566
Loss from operations	(154,523		)	(26,270		)	(187,529		)	(45,485		)
Interest expense, net	(14,534		)	(17,495		)	(33,720		)	(28,182		)
Other income (expense), net	146			(439		)	240			2,424
Loss before income taxes	(168,911		)	(44,204		)	(221,009		)	(71,243		)
Income tax (expense) benefit	(248,423		)	4,266			(245,480		)	7,749
Net loss	$	(417,334	)	$	(39,938	)	$	(466,489	)	$	(63,494	)
Net loss per share:
Basic and diluted	$	(1.58	)	$	(0.17	)	$	(1.86	)	$	(0.27	)
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic and diluted	264,127			235,215			251,412			235,217

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

DYNATRACE, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(Unaudited - In thousands)



	Three Months Ended September 30,						Six Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Net loss	$	(417,334	)	$	(39,938	)	$	(466,489	)	$	(63,494	)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax	2,691			1,190			4,528			(819		)
Change of ownership interest in subsidiary	6,623			—			6,623			—
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	9,314			1,190			11,151			(819		)
Comprehensive loss	$	(408,020	)	$	(38,748	)	$	(455,338	)	$	(64,313	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

DYNATRACE, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY / MEMBER’S DEFICIT

(Unaudited - In thousands)



	Three Months Ended September 30, 2019
	Common Shares			Additional Paid-In Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Shareholders' Equity / Member's Deficit
	Shares	Amount		Additional Paid-In Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Shareholders' Equity / Member's Deficit
Balance, June 30, 2019	—	$	—	$	(184,599	)	$	(225,157	)	$	(27,873	)	$	(437,629	)
Foreign currency translation, net of tax										2,691			2,691
Reclassification of related party payable upon reorganization				600,622									600,622
Issuance of common stock in connection with initial public offering, net of underwriters' discounts and commissions and issuance costs	38,873	39		585,258									585,297
Effect of reorganization	241,547	242		271,383						6,623			278,248
Contribution for taxes associated with reorganization				265,000									265,000
Restricted stock units vested	89	—											—
Share-based compensation				9,479									9,479
Equity repurchases				(92		)							(92		)
Net loss							(417,334		)				(417,334		)
Balance, September 30, 2019	280,509	$	281	$	1,547,051		$	(642,491	)	$	(18,559	)	$	886,282



	Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
	Common Shares			Additional Paid-In Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Member’s Deficit
	Shares	Amount		Additional Paid-In Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Member’s Deficit
Balance, June 30, 2018	—	$	—	$	(184,584	)	$	(83,364	)	$	(27,807	)	$	(295,755	)
Foreign currency translation, net of tax										1,190			1,190
Transfers from related parties				43,289									43,289
Equity repurchases				(536		)							(536		)
Net loss							(39,938		)				(39,938		)
Balance, September 30, 2018	—	$	—	$	(141,831	)	$	(123,302	)	$	(26,617	)	$	(291,750	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

DYNATRACE, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY / MEMBER’S DEFICIT

(Unaudited - In thousands)



	Six Months Ended September 30, 2019
	Common Shares			Additional Paid-In Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Shareholders' Equity / Member's Deficit
	Shares	Amount		Additional Paid-In Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Shareholders' Equity / Member's Deficit
Balance, March 31, 2019	—	$	—	$	(184,546	)	$	(176,002	)	$	(29,710	)	$	(390,258	)
Foreign currency translation, net of tax										4,528			4,528
Reclassification of related party payable upon reorganization				600,622									600,622
Issuance of common stock in connection with initial public offering, net of underwriters' discounts and commissions and issuance costs	38,873	39		585,258									585,297
Effect of reorganization	241,547	242		271,383						6,623			278,248
Contribution for taxes associated with reorganization				265,000									265,000
Restricted stock units vested	89	—											—
Share-based compensation				9,479									9,479
Equity repurchases				(145		)							(145		)
Net loss							(466,489		)				(466,489		)
Balance, September 30, 2019	280,509	$	281	$	1,547,051		$	(642,491	)	$	(18,559	)	$	886,282



	Six Months Ended September 30, 2018
	Common Shares			Additional Paid-In Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Member’s Deficit
	Shares	Amount		Additional Paid-In Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Member’s Deficit
Balance, March 31, 2018	—	$	—	$	(183,084	)	$	(59,808	)	$	(25,798	)	$	(268,690	)
Foreign currency translation, net of tax										(819		)	(819		)
Transfers from related parties				41,900									41,900
Equity repurchases				(647		)							(647		)
Net loss							(63,494		)				(63,494		)
Balance, September 30, 2018	—	$	—	$	(141,831	)	$	(123,302	)	$	(26,617	)	$	(291,750	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

DYNATRACE, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited – In thousands)



	Six Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(466,489	)	$	(63,494	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash (used in) provided by operations:
Depreciation	3,971			3,585
Amortization	29,810			36,697
Share-based compensation	196,171			36,228
Deferred income taxes	(48,566		)	(9,437		)
Other	3,690			278
Net change in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	29,578			51,350
Deferred commissions	(2,196		)	(2,203		)
Prepaid expenses and other assets	(888		)	(5,071		)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	27,230			9,981
Deferred revenue	9,461			18,246
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	(218,228		)	76,160

Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of property and equipment	(9,758		)	(3,261		)
Capitalized software additions	(564		)	(782		)
Net cash used in investing activities	(10,322		)	(4,043		)

Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from initial public offering, net of underwriters' discounts and commissions	590,297			—
Settlement of deferred offering costs	(5,000		)	—
Proceeds from term loans	—			1,120,000
Debt issuance costs	—			(16,288		)
Repayment of term loans	(455,189		)	—
Payments to related parties	—			(1,177,021		)
Contribution for tax associated with reorganization	265,000			—
Equity repurchases	(145		)	(647		)
Installments related to acquisition	(4,694		)	(3,653		)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	390,269			(77,609		)

Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents	(1,337		)	(2,356		)

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	160,382			(7,848		)

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	51,314			77,581
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	211,696		$	69,733

Supplemental cash flow data:
Cash paid for interest	$	27,391		$	5,890
Cash paid for tax	$	264,072		$	2,077
Non-cash financing activities:
Transactions with related parties	$	—		$	(37,882	)
Reclassification of related party payable upon reorganization	$	(600,622	)	$	—

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

DYNATRACE, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)


1.	Description of the Business

Business

Dynatrace, Inc. (“Dynatrace”, or the “Company”) offers a software intelligence platform, purpose-built for the enterprise cloud. As enterprises embrace the cloud as the means for digital transformation, the Company’s all-in-one intelligence platform addresses the growing complexity that technology and digital business teams face. The Company’s platform does so by utilizing artificial intelligence and advanced automation to provide answers, not just data, about the performance of applications, the underlying hybrid cloud infrastructure, and the experience of its customers’ users. The Company designed its software intelligence platform to allow its customers to modernize and automate IT operations, develop and release higher quality software faster, and deliver superior user experiences.

Thoma Bravo (“TB”), a private equity investment firm, completed its acquisition of Compuware Corporation on December 15, 2014. Following the acquisition, Compuware Corporation was restructured following which Compuware Parent, LLC became the owner of Dynatrace Holding Corporation (“DHC”), under which the Compuware and Dynatrace businesses were separated, establishing Dynatrace as a standalone business. Following the corporate reorganization described below, Dynatrace became wholly owned by Dynatrace, Inc. (formerly Dynatrace Holdings LLC).

Fiscal year

The Company’s fiscal year ends on March 31. References to fiscal 2020, for example, refer to the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020.


2.	Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of presentation and consolidation

Prior to July 30, 2019, Dynatrace Holdings LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, was an indirect equity holder of DHC that indirectly and wholly owned Dynatrace, LLC. On July 31, 2019, Dynatrace Holdings LLC (i) converted into a Delaware corporation with the name Dynatrace, Inc. and (ii) through a series of corporate reorganization steps, became the parent company of DHC. Additionally, as part of the reorganization, two wholly owned subsidiaries of DHC, Compuware Corporation (“Compuware”) and SIGOS LLC (“SIGOS”), were spun out from the corporate structure to the DHC shareholders. As a result of these transactions, DHC is a wholly owned indirect subsidiary of Dynatrace, Inc. These reorganization steps are collectively referred to as the “reorganization.” In connection with the reorganization, the equity holders of Compuware Parent, LLC received 222,021,708 units of Dynatrace Holdings LLC in exchange for their equity interests in Compuware Parent, LLC based on the fair value of a unit of Dynatrace Holdings LLC on July 30, 2019, which was determined to be $16.00 per unit by a committee of the board of managers of Dynatrace Holdings LLC, and all of the outstanding units of Dynatrace Holdings LLC then converted into shares of Dynatrace, Inc. Additionally, 19,525,510 units of Dynatrace Holdings LLC were issued upon exchange of Dynatrace, LLC Management Incentive Units (“MIUs”) and Appreciation Units (“AUs”) for a total of 241,547,218 outstanding units in Dynatrace Holdings LLC immediately prior to the closing of the Company’s initial public offering (“IPO”).

The reorganization was completed between entities that have been under common control since December 15, 2014. Therefore, these financial statements retroactively reflect DHC and Dynatrace, Inc. on a consolidated basis for the periods presented. The spin-offs of Compuware Corporation and SIGOS LLC from DHC have been accounted for retroactively as a change in reporting entity and accordingly, these financial statements exclude their accounts and results.

The condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) regarding interim financial reporting. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in the accompanying financial statements.

As described in Note 14, prior to the reorganization the condensed consolidated financial statements reflected the debt and debt service associated with subordinated demand promissory notes payable to a related party. The financial statements also reflect certain expenses incurred by the Company for certain functions including shared services for the periods prior to the reorganization, which are immaterial to these financial statements. These expenses were allocated to Dynatrace on the basis of direct usage when identifiable, and for resources indirectly used by Dynatrace. Allocations were based on a proportional cost allocation methodology to reflect estimated usage by Dynatrace. Management considers the allocation methodology and results to be reasonable for all periods presented. However, the financial information presented in these financial statements may not reflect the consolidated financial position, operating results and cash flows of Dynatrace had the Dynatrace business been a separate stand-alone entity during the periods presented. Actual costs that would have been incurred if Dynatrace had been a stand-alone company would depend on multiple factors, including organizational structure and strategic decisions made in various areas.

Initial Public Offering

On August 1, 2019, the Company completed its initial public offering, in which it sold and issued 38.9 million shares of common stock, inclusive of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares that was exercised in full, at an issue price of $16.00 per share. The Company received a total of $622.0 million in gross proceeds from the offering, or approximately $585.3 million in net proceeds after deducting approximately $36.7 million for underwriting discounts, commissions and offering-related expenses.

The IPO also included the sale of 2.1 million shares of common stock, by selling stockholders, inclusive of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares that was exercised in full. The Company did not receive any proceeds from the sale of common stock by the selling stockholders.

Prior to the closing of the IPO, the 241,547,218 outstanding units of Dynatrace Holdings, LLC were converted on a one-for-one basis into shares of common stock in accordance with the terms of the certificate of incorporation.

Unaudited interim consolidated financial information

The accompanying interim condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2019 and the interim condensed consolidated statements of operations, statements of shareholders’ equity / member’s deficit for the three and six months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, statements of cash flows for the six months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, and the related disclosures, are unaudited. In management’s opinion, the unaudited interim financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited financial statements and include all adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring adjustments, necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial position as of September 30, 2019, its results of operations for the three and six months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, and its cash flows for the six months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The results for the three and six months ended September 30, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full fiscal year or any other interim period.

The accompanying interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in a manner consistent with the accounting principles included in the Company’s prospectus dated July 31, 2019 (“Prospectus”) and as filed with the SEC on August 1, 2019 pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes as of March 31, 2019 and 2018 included in the Prospectus.

There have been no changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies described in the Company’s Prospectus that have had a material impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes, except for the share-based compensation accounting policy noted below.

Accounts receivable and allowance for doubtful accounts

The Company continuously assesses the collectability of outstanding customer invoices and in doing so, assesses the need to maintain an allowance for estimated losses resulting from the non-collection of customer receivables. In estimating this allowance, the Company considers factors such as: historical collection experience, a customer’s current creditworthiness, customer concentrations, age of outstanding balances, both individually and in the aggregate, and existing economic conditions. Actual customer collections could differ from the Company’s estimates. Allowance for doubtful accounts totaled $2.3 million and $3.4 million, and is classified as “Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts” in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2019 and March 31, 2019, respectively.

Share-based compensation

Prior to the IPO, the fair value of the equity units associated with Dynatrace Holdings, LLC underlying the Management Incentive Units and Appreciation Units was determined by the board of managers as there was no public market for the equity units. The board of managers determined the fair value of the Company’s equity units by considering a number of objective and subjective factors including: the valuation of comparable companies, the Company’s operating and financial performance, the lack of liquidity of common stock, and general and industry specific economic outlook, amongst other factors. After the IPO, the Company uses the publicly quoted price as reported on the New York Stock Exchange as the fair value of its common stock.

The Company measures the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments, including stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units (“RSUs”) under the 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2019 Plan”) based on the estimated grant-date fair value of the award. The Company calculates the fair value of options and shares using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and the related expense is recognized using the straight-line attribution approach. The vesting period is the period the employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award.

Share-based compensation expense is recorded net of actual forfeitures in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Recently adopted accounting pronouncements

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 605, Revenue Recognition and establishes a new revenue standard. This new standard is based on the principle that revenue is recognized to depict the transfer of control of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The standard also requires additional disclosures about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenues and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments, and assets recognized from costs incurred to obtain or fulfill a contract. The FASB has also issued several amendments to the new standard which were designed to clarify and simplify the adoption process.

In preparation for adoption of the new standard, the Company updated its accounting policies, systems, internal controls and processes. The Company adopted Topic 606 as of April 1, 2018 using the full retrospective method, which required adjustments to the historical financial information for fiscal years 2017 and 2018 to be consistent with the new standard. The Company recorded a net decrease to member’s accumulated deficit of $25.9 million as of April 1, 2016 as a result of the transition. The most significant impacts of the standard relate to the timing of revenue recognition for arrangements involving licenses and sales commissions. Under the new revenue standard, term licenses of the Company’s Classic products and the associated maintenance are considered separate performance obligations. This results in revenue associated with these term licenses being recognized upon delivery of the license rather than over the contractual term. Perpetual licenses and term license related to Dynatrace Software and the associated maintenance which includes when-and-if-available updates have been determined to be combined performance obligations and are recognized ratably over the longer of the term or useful life of the license. Additionally, some deferred revenue, primarily from arrangements involving term licenses, was never recognized as revenue and instead is now a part of the cumulative effect adjustment within accumulated deficit. Finally, the Company is required to capitalize and amortize incremental costs of obtaining a contract, such as certain sales commission costs, over the remaining contractual term or over an expected period of benefit, which the Company has determined to be approximately three years.

The Company applied the following practical expedients permitted under Topic 606: for all reporting periods presented before the date of initial adoption, the Company has elected not to disclose the amount of the transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations or provide an explanation of when the Company expects to recognize that amount as revenue. Additionally, the Company has also elected not to separately evaluate each contract modification that occurred before the initial adoption date. The Company has elected not to assess whether a contract has a significant financing component if it expects at contract inception that the period between payment and the transfer of products or services will be one year or less.

Recently issued accounting pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The amendments supersede current lease requirements in Topic 840 which require lessees to recognize most leases on their balance sheets as lease liabilities with corresponding right-of-use assets. The objective of Topic 842 is to establish the principles that lessees and lessors shall apply to report useful information to users of financial statements about the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from a lease. This new guidance is effective for public companies for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those periods, except for emerging growth companies who may elect to adopt the standard for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements that allows entities to recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. The Company plans to elect this new transition guidance upon adoption of the standard on April 1, 2020. The Company will use the package of practical expedients which allows Dynatrace to not (1) reassess whether any expired or existing contracts are considered or contain leases; (2) reassess the lease classification for any expired or existing leases; and (3) reassess the initial direct costs for any existing leases. Adoption of the standard is expected to result in the recognition of the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for operating leases. The Company is currently evaluating the effects the standard will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which replaces the existing incurred loss impairment model with an expected credit loss model and requires a financial asset measured at amortized cost to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. ASU 2016-13 is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the effects the standard will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract; Disclosures for Implementation Costs Incurred for Internal-Use Software and Cloud Computing Arrangements, which aligns the accounting for implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the accounting for implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software under ASC 350-40, in order to determine which

costs to capitalize and recognize as an asset. ASU 2018-15 is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2020, and can be applied either prospectively to implementation costs incurred after the date of adoption or retrospectively to all arrangements. The Company is currently evaluating the effects the standard will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements.


3.	Revenue Recognition

The Company elected to early adopt ASC Topic 606 (“ASC 606”), Revenue from Contracts with Customers, effective April 1, 2018, using the full retrospective transition method.

The Company derives revenue from sales of software licenses, subscriptions, maintenance and support, and professional services together in contracts with its customers, which include end-customers and channel partners. Revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised services. The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for these services.

Certain of the Company’s software license agreements provide customers with a right to use software perpetually or for a defined term. As required under applicable accounting principles, the goods and services that the Company promises to transfer to a customer are accounted for separately if they are distinct from one another. Promised items that are not distinct are bundled with other promised items until the bundle is distinct from other promised items in the contract. The transaction price is allocated to the separate performance obligations based on the relative estimated standalone selling prices of those performance obligations.

Contract modifications are assessed to determine (i) if the additional goods and services are distinct from the goods and services in the original arrangement; and (ii) if the amount of the consideration expected for the added goods and services reflects the stand-alone selling price of those goods and services, as adjusted for contract-specific circumstances. A contract modification meeting both criteria is accounted for as a separate contract. A contract modification not meeting both criteria is considered a change to the original contract, which the Company accounts for on a prospective basis as a termination for contract specific circumstances. The Company’s additional goods and services offered have historically been distinct. If such additional goods and services reflect their stand-alone selling price, the Company accounts for the modification as a separate contract. If such additional goods and services do not reflect their stand-alone selling price, the Company accounts for the modification prospectively as a termination of the existing contract and the creation of a new contract.

Disaggregation of revenue

The following table is a summary of the Company’s total revenues by geographic region (in thousands, except percentages):



	Three Months Ended September 30,								Six Months Ended September 30,
	2019				2018				2019				2018
	Amount		%		Amount		%		Amount		%		Amount		%
North America	$	77,245	59	%	$	59,340	57	%	$	148,442	59	%	$	115,208	57	%
Europe, Middle East and Africa	34,317		27	%	29,115		29	%	67,818		27	%	57,379		29	%
Asia Pacific	13,747		11	%	10,769		11	%	28,182		11	%	22,085		11	%
Latin America	4,069		3	%	2,663		3	%	7,486		3	%	5,436		3	%
Total revenue	$	129,378			$	101,887			$	251,928			$	200,108

For the three and six months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, the United States was the only country that represented more than 10% of the Company’s revenues in any period, constituting $73.0 million and 56%, and $56.0 million and 55% of total revenue during the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $140.4 million and 56%, and $108.7 million and 54% of total revenue for the six months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Deferred revenue

Revenues recognized from amounts included in deferred revenue as of March 31, 2019 were $115.9 million and $217.0 million during the three and six months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. Revenues recognized from amounts included in deferred revenue as of March 31, 2018 were $78.4 million and $152.7 million during the three and six months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.

Remaining performance obligations

As of September 30, 2019, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations was $653.3 million, which consists of both billed consideration in the amount of $369.5 million and unbilled consideration in the amount of $283.8 million that the Company expects to recognize as subscription revenue. The Company expects to recognize 58% of this amount as revenue over the next twelve months and the remainder thereafter.


4.	Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consisted of the following (in thousands):



	September 30, 2019		March 31, 2019
Prepaid expenses	$	19,152	$	13,334
Income taxes refundable	3,900		4,078
Other	114		1,356
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	23,166	$	18,768


5.	Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, net

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill on a consolidated basis for the six months ended September 30, 2019 consist of the following (in thousands):



	September 30, 2019
Balance, beginning of period	$	1,270,120
Foreign currency impact	43
Balance, end of period	$	1,270,163

Intangible assets, net excluding goodwill consist of (in thousands):



	Weighted Average Useful Life (in months)
	Weighted Average Useful Life (in months)	September 30, 2019			March 31, 2019
Capitalized software	109	$	189,175		$	188,608
Customer relationships	120	351,555			351,555
Trademarks and tradenames	120	55,003			55,003
Total intangible assets		595,733			595,166
Less: accumulated amortization		(365,853		)	(336,043		)
Total intangible assets, net		$	229,880		$	259,123

Amortization of other intangible assets totaled $14.7 million and $18.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $29.8 million and $36.7 million for the six months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

6. Income Taxes

The Company computes its interim provision for income taxes by applying the estimated annual effective tax rate to loss from operations and adjusts the provision for discrete tax items occurring in the period. The Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2019 was negative 147% compared to 10% for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The effective tax rate was higher than the U.S. statutory tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2019 because of the $255.8 million incurred upon the reorganization transactions described in Note 2. The Company’s effective tax rate for the six months ended September 30, 2019 was negative 111% compared to 11% for the six months ended September 30, 2018. The effective tax rate for the six months ended September 30, 2019 was higher than the U.S. federal statutory tax rate primarily because of the reorganization and non-deductible share-based compensation.

Based on the Company’s review of both positive and negative evidence regarding the realizability of deferred tax assets at September 30, 2019, a valuation allowance continues to be recorded against certain deferred tax assets based upon the conclusion that it was more likely than not they would not be realized. The valuation allowance at September 30, 2019 relates primarily to foreign tax credits and net operating losses.

The reorganization triggered a short tax period in the U.S. which gave rise to the acceleration of deferred revenue for tax purposes and a corresponding reduction in the net deferred tax liability during the period of acceleration.

Other matters

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) was signed into law on December 22, 2017. The Tax Act changed many aspects of U.S. corporation income taxation and include reduction of the corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%, implementation of a territorial tax system and imposition of a tax on deemed repatriated earnings of foreign subsidiaries (“Transition Tax”). The Company recognized the tax effects of the Tax Act in the fiscal year ended 2018 and recorded $50.0 million in tax benefit which relates almost entirely to the remeasurement of deferred tax liabilities to the 21% tax rate. The effects of ongoing provisions of the Tax Act, including global intangible low-taxed income (GILTI) and base-erosion and anti-abuse tax (BEAT), are accounted for in the income tax provision.

7. Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses, current consisted of the following (in thousands):



	September 30, 2019		March 31, 2019
Accrued employee - related expenses	$	26,690	$	35,192
Accrued tax liabilities	6,110		6,274
Accrued restructuring	2,135		1,488
Accrued professional fees	3,978		3,440
Accrued installments for acquisition	—		4,832
Income taxes payable	27,267		3,811
Other	12,524		9,883
Total accrued expenses, current	$	78,704	$	64,920

Accrued expenses, non-current consisted of the following (in thousands):



	September 30, 2019		March 31, 2019
Share-based compensation	$	—	$	92,047
Other	18,028		6,312
Total accrued expenses, non-current	$	18,028	$	98,359


8.	Long-term Debt

On August 23, 2018, the Company entered into the First Lien Credit Agreement (the “First Lien Term Loan”) in which the Company borrowed an aggregate principal amount of $950.0 million, which matures on August 23, 2025. Borrowings under the First Lien Term Loan currently bear interest, at the Company’s election, at either (i) the Alternative Base Rate, as defined per the credit agreement, plus 1.75% per annum, or (ii) LIBOR plus 2.75% per annum, if the net leverage ratio remains below 4.35 to 1.00 and are subject to an increase if the net leverage ratio is higher than 4.35 to 1.00. Interest payments are due quarterly, or more frequently, based on the terms of the credit agreement. As of September 30, 2019, the Company has satisfied all required principal payments under the First Lien Term Loan and the remainder is due at maturity.

The First Lien Term Loan requires prepayments in the case of certain events including: property or asset sale in excess of $5.0 million, proceeds in excess of $5.0 million from an insurance settlement, or proceeds from a new debt agreement. An additional prepayment may be required under the First Lien Term Loan related to excess cash flow for the respective measurement periods.

All of the indebtedness under the First Lien Term Loan is and will be guaranteed by the Company’s existing and future material domestic subsidiaries and is and will be secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company and such guarantors. The First Lien Term Loan contains customary negative covenants. At September 30, 2019, the Company was in compliance with all applicable covenants.

On August 23, 2018, the Company entered into the Second Lien Credit Agreement (the “Second Lien Term Loan”) in which the Company borrowed an aggregate principal amount of $170.0 million. Borrowings under the Second Lien Term Loan bore interest, at the Company’s election, at either (i) the Alternative Base Rate, as defined per the credit agreement, plus 6.00% per annum, or (ii) LIBOR plus 7.00% per annum. The maturity date on the Second Lien Term Loan was August 23, 2026, with principal payment due in full on the maturity date. Interest payments were due quarterly, or more frequently, based on the terms of the credit agreement. During the second quarter of fiscal 2020, the Company repaid all outstanding borrowings, including accrued interest, under the Second Lien Term Loan and recognized a loss on debt extinguishment of $2.7 million within “Interest expense, net” in the condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and six months ended September 30, 2019. The First Lien Term Loan and Second Lien Term Loan are collectively referred to as the “Term Loans”.

Debt issuance costs and original issuance discount of $15.5 million were incurred in connection with the Term Loans. These debt issuance costs and original issuance discount will be amortized into interest expense over the contractual term of the Term Loans. During the three and six months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recognized approximately $0.4 million and $0.9 million of amortization of debt issuance costs and original issuance discount which is included in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. During the three and six months ended September 30, 2018, the Company recognized $0.2 million of amortization of debt issuance costs and original issuance discount which is included in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

At September 30, 2019, the Company had an aggregate principal amount outstanding of $581.1 million for the First Lien Term Loan consisting of $30.0 million bearing interest at 6.8% and $551.1 million bearing interest at 4.8%. At March 31, 2019, the Company had an aggregate principal amount outstanding of $947.6 million and $88.7 million for the First Lien Term Loan and Second Lien Term Loan, respectively, bearing interest at 5.7% and 9.5%, respectively. At September 30, 2019 and March 31, 2019, the Company had $10.7 million and $14.3 million, respectively, of unamortized debt issuance costs and original issuance discount which is recorded as a reduction of the debt balance on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Revolving Facility

The First Lien Credit Agreement further provided for a revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Facility”) in an aggregate amount of $60.0 million, which matures on August 23, 2023. Borrowings under the Revolving Facility currently bear interest, at the Company’s election, at either (i) the Alternative Base Rate, as defined per the credit agreement, plus 1.50% per annum, or (ii) LIBOR plus 2.50% per annum, if the net leverage ratio remains below 3.85 to 1.00 and are subject to an increase if the net leverage ratio is higher than 3.85 to 1.00. The Revolving Facility includes a $15.0 million letter of credit sub-facility.

The Company incurs fees with respect to the Revolving Facility, including (i) a commitment fee of 0.25% per annum of unused commitments under the Revolving Facility, subject to an adjustment based on the First Lien Term Loan net leverage ratio, (ii) facility fees equal to the applicable margin in effect for Eurodollar Rate Loans, as defined per the credit agreement, times the average daily stated amount of letters of credit, (iii) a fronting fee equal to either (a) 0.125% per annum on the stated amount of each letter of credit or (b) such other rate per annum as agreed to by the parties subject to the letters of credit, and (iv) customary administrative fees.

All of the indebtedness under the Revolving Facility is and will be guaranteed by the Company’s existing and future material domestic subsidiaries and is and will be secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company and such guarantors.

Debt issuance costs of $0.8 million were incurred in connection with the entry into the Revolving Facility. These debt issuance costs are amortized into interest expense over the contractual term of the loan. The Company recognized an immaterial amount of amortization of debt issuance costs for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and $0.1 million of amortization of debt issuance costs for the six months ended September 30, 2019 which is included in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. There was an immaterial amount of amortization of debt issuance costs and original issuance discount for the three and six months ended September 30, 2018 which is included in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. There were $0.6 million and $0.7 million of unamortized debt issuance costs included as a reduction of the debt balance on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2019 and March 31, 2019, respectively.

The Revolving Facility contains customary negative covenants and does not include any financial maintenance covenants other than a springing minimum net leverage ratio not exceeding 7.50 to 1.00 on the last day of any fiscal quarter, which will be tested only upon the occurrence of an event of default or certain other conditions as specified in the agreement. At September 30, 2019, the Company was in compliance with all applicable covenants pertaining to the Revolving Facility.

As of September 30, 2019 and March 31, 2019, there were no amounts outstanding under the Revolving Facility, and there were $11.8 million and $0.5 million letters of credit issued, respectively. The Company had $48.2 million and $59.5 million of availability under the Revolving Facility as of September 30, 2019 and March 31, 2019, respectively.


9.	Commitments and Contingencies

Tax liability

In connection with the initial public offering completed in the second quarter of fiscal 2020, the Company undertook a series of transactions to spin out two wholly owned businesses from the corporate structure. These transactions generated a taxable gain upon their occurrence which will be reported on tax returns for the year ended March 31, 2020. On July 31, 2019, Compuware Corporation distributed $265 million to the Company to partially or wholly fund the tax liability pursuant to an agreement with the Company which is recorded as a contribution within “Additional paid-in capital” on the condensed consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity / member’s deficit. The Company has estimated an expense of $255.8 million and made estimated tax payments to the relevant taxing authorities.

Commitment for operating leases

The Company’s commitments for various operating lease agreements related to office space for various periods that extend through as late as fiscal 2030. Total rent payments under these agreements were approximately $3.4 million and $2.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $6.7 million and $5.5 million for the six months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Certain of these lease agreements contain provisions for renewal options and escalation clauses.

Legal matters

From time to time, the Company may be a party to lawsuits and legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of the Company’s management, these matters, individually and in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on the financial condition and results of the future operations of the Company.


10.	Shareholders’ Equity

The Company is authorized to issue 600,000,000 shares of common stock, par value of $0.001 per share.

Dynatrace Holdings LLC was reorganized on April 1, 2015 and had 100 common units as of March 31, 2019. In connection with the reorganization transactions described in Note 2, an additional 241,547,118 common units of Dynatrace Holdings LLC were issued and subsequently exchanged for 241,547,218 shares of common stock in Dynatrace, Inc. during the second quarter of fiscal 2020. This amount of additional common units includes 16,687,436 common units issued upon the exchange of vested Management Incentive Units (“MIUs”) and Appreciation Units (“AUs”). At September 30, 2019, there were 280,509,056 shares of common stock issued and outstanding.


11.	Share-based Compensation

Management Incentive Unit program

Under the Management Incentive Unit program, or the MIU Plan, Compuware Parent LLC’s board of managers had authorized the issuance of MIUs and AUs to certain executive officers and key employees. The MIUs and AUs consisted of two types of units which were classified as performance-vested units and time-vested units.

In connection with the reorganization transactions described in Note 2, outstanding awards granted under the MIU Plan were converted into shares of common stock, restricted stock, and restricted stock units which were granted under the 2019 Plan as defined below. Upon conversion, the MIUs and AUs were modified and ceased to be classified as liability awards. This modification impacted 306 participants and resulted in the recognition of incremental stock compensation expense of $145.3 million to record the liability awards at fair value immediately prior to the modification during the three and six months ended September 30, 2019. Upon modification, the liability balance of $278.2 million related to these MIUs and AUs was reclassified into additional paid-in capital.

2019 Equity Incentive Plan

In July 2019, the Company’s board of directors (the “Board”), upon the recommendation of the compensation committee of the board of directors, adopted the 2019 Equity Incentive Plan, or the 2019 Plan, which was subsequently approved by the Company’s shareholders. The 2019 Plan became effective on July 30, 2019 and serves as the successor to the Company’s MIU Plan.

The Company initially reserved 52,000,000 shares of common stock, or the Initial Limit, for the issuance of awards under the 2019 Plan. The 2019 Plan provides that the number of shares reserved and available for issuance under the plan will automatically increase each April 1, beginning on April 1, 2020, by 4% of the outstanding number of shares of the Company’s common stock on the immediately preceding March 31 or such lesser number determined by the compensation committee. This number is subject to adjustment in the event of a stock split, stock dividend or other change in the Company’s capitalization.

Stock options

The following table summarizes activity for stock options during the period ended September 30, 2019:



	Number of Options		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
	(in thousands)		(per share)		(years)	(in thousands)
Balance, March 31, 2019	—		$	—
Granted	7,141		16.04
Exercised	—		—
Forfeited	(11	)	16.87
Balance, September 30, 2019	7,130		$	16.04	9.8	$	18,902
Options vested and expected to vest at September 30, 2019	7,130		$	16.04	9.8	$	18,902
Options vested and exercisable at September 30, 2019	—		$	—	0.0	$	—

As of September 30, 2019, the total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested stock options granted is $43.4 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.9 years. For the three and six months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recognized $1.8 million of share-based compensation expense related to stock options.

The fair value for the Company’s stock options granted during the period ended September 30, 2019 was estimated at the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model using the following weighted average assumptions:



	September 30, 2019
Expected dividend yield	—
Expected volatility	37.7	%
Expected term (years)	6.1
Risk-free interest rate	1.9	%

The Company has not paid and does not expect to pay dividends. Consequently, the Company uses an expected dividend yield of zero. The computation of expected volatility is based on a calculation using the historical volatility of a group of publicly traded peer companies. The Company expects to continue to do so until such time as it has adequate historical data regarding the volatility of the Company’s traded stock price. The computation of expected term was based on the average period the stock options are expected to remain outstanding, generally calculated as the midpoint of the stock options’ remaining vesting term and contractual expiration period, as the Company does not have sufficient historical information to develop reasonable expectations about future exercise patterns and post-vesting employment termination behavior. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for the expected life of the award.

Restricted shares and units

During the first six months of fiscal 2020, the Company granted an aggregate of 6,449,483 restricted shares to certain key employees and non-employee directors. The total grants consisted of: (i) 3,379,170 time-based restricted shares that vest 25% after the grant date (or one year after the vesting start date, if different) and the remaining 75% vest ratably over a 36-month period; (ii) 696,873 performance-based restricted shares; (iii) 2,323,440 time-based restricted shares that vest 25% one year after the grant date and the remaining 75% vest ratably on a quarterly basis over 3 years, and (iv) 50,000 time-based restricted shares that vest on August 15, 2020 or upon Board approval at the annual shareholder meeting, if earlier.

The performance criteria for the performance-based shares include four performance targets which vest 25% after each fiscal year end, upon the Board’s confirmation that the performance target was met for such fiscal year. These shares have a requisite service period that varies based on the grant date, but the service period begins on the grant date and ends on achievement of the final fiscal year performance target. The performance criterion for vesting of performance shares has been based on an adjusted EBITDA metric compared to the target established and approved by the Company’s board of directors for each fiscal year. Shares that are vested based upon performance for any given year for which the target was not met shall not vest; provided, that if the target is not met for a given year, but the target for the subsequent year is met, the unvested performance-based shares for the previous year shall become vested when the target for the subsequent year was met.

The restricted shares are generally subject to forfeiture if employment terminates prior to the vesting date. The Company expenses the cost of the restricted shares, which is determined to be the fair market value of the shares of common stock underlying the restricted shares on the date of grant, ratably over the period during which the vesting restrictions lapse.

The following table provides a summary of the changes in the number of restricted shares for the period ended September 30, 2019:



	Number of Shares of Restricted Stock Awards		Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value		Number of Restricted Stock Units		Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
	(in thousands)		(per share)		(in thousands)		(per share)
Balance, March 31, 2019	—		$	—	—		$	—
Granted	2,855		16.00		3,595		16.06
Vested	(186	)	16.00		(89	)	16.00
Forfeited	(17	)	16.00		(5	)	16.92
Balance, September 30, 2019	2,652		$	16.00	3,501		$	16.06

As of September 30, 2019, the total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested restricted stock is $35.1 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.0 years. As of September 30, 2019, the total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested restricted stock units is $51.4 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.2 years. For the three and six months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recognized $7.7 million of share-based compensation expense related to restricted shares and units.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

In July 2019, the board of directors adopted, and the Company’s shareholders approved, the 2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan for the issuance of up to a total of 6,250,000 shares of common stock, subject to an increase. The Company expects to offer, sell and issue shares of common stock under this ESPP from time to time based on various factors and conditions, although the Company is under no obligation to sell any shares under this ESPP. As of September 30, 2019, the Company has not issued any shares of common stock under the ESPP.

Share-based compensation

The following table summarizes the components of total share-based compensation expense included the condensed consolidated financial statements for each period presented:



	Three Months Ended September 30,				Six Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Cost of revenues	$	12,720	$	1,906	$	16,029	$	2,990
Research and development	27,379		4,163		34,506		6,581
Sales and marketing	56,781		7,998		71,885		12,461
General and administrative	57,866		8,963		73,751		14,196
Total share-based compensation expense	$	154,746	$	23,030	$	196,171	$	36,228


12.	Net Loss Per Share

On August 1, 2019, the Company completed its IPO in which the Company issued and sold 38.9 million shares of common stock at a price to the public of $16.00 per share. These shares are included in the common stock outstanding as of that date.

For the three and six months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, basic and diluted net loss per share have been retrospectively adjusted to reflect the conversion of equity in connection with the reorganization transactions described in Note 2. Basic and diluted net loss per share was derived from a unit conversion factor of $16.00 per share as determined by the board of managers of Dynatrace Holdings LLC on July 30, 2019.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share (in thousands, except per share data):



	Three Months Ended September 30,						Six Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018			2019	2018
Numerator:
Net loss	$	(417,334	)	$	(39,938	)